Перепишите предложения, заполнив пропуски подходящим артиклем: a, an, the. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
a) There was … real breakthrough in … development of robot engineering.
b) … element stops operating in case it has … fault.
c) … robot is … very complex structure.
3. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.
Укажите, в каких предложениях s является:
а) множественным числом существительного; b) притяжательным падежом существительного; c) 3-е лицо ед. ч. глагола.
a) There are many types of mechanical devices.
b) The development of robots seems a new idea.
c) Today’s robots resemble a human being in appearance.
4. Заполните таблицу словами, являющимися noun – существительными, verb – глаголами, adjective – прилагательными, adverb – наречиями. Переведите их. В таблице дан образец.
Essentially; development; know; operate; different; create; touch; simply; appearance; magical; resemble; action.
Noun Verb перевод Adjective Adverb перевод
invention to invent изобретение - изобретать hard hardly трудный, тяжелый - едва, с трудом
choice to choose выбор - выбирать possible possibly возможный - возможно
5. Перепишите предложения, определите время: Present Indefinite/ Past Indefinite/Present Perfect. В скобках укажите I и II форму сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
a) Nowadays scientists haven’t yet created such a robot that can think.
b) Ancient Greeks used mechanical cogs and gears.
c) Today’s robots are sophisticated sensing machines with camera, microphones even specific sensors that imitate the sense of touch.
d) Scientists and engineers have applied many advances in this field.
e) There were many mechanical devices in the past.

6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст со словарем на русский язык.
Although the development of robots seems a very modern idea, the principles behind this new technology were known thousands years ago. Even ancient Greeks and Romans used mechanical cogs and gears which are now an essential part of robot technology. In the Middle Ages there was a real breakthrough in the development of robot engineering. At that time many types of mechanical devices appeared. At the end of the 17th century engineers already knew about most of the mechanical components that make up a modern robot.
Throughout history inventors have produced a variety of seemingly magical mechanical devices capable of quite life-like actions. These devices were not programmable; they were simply performing a set of operations. Different scientists and engineers have applied many advances in this field since that time.
Today’s robot is a very complex structure. A metal or plastic frame serves for a skeleton, and a variety of actuators provide muscle power. But the new humanoids are not just bodies; they are also sophisticated sensing machines with cameras, microphones, even specific sensors that imitate the sense of touch. And then there are the brains. Nowadays scientists haven’t yet created such a robot that can think. But who knows, maybe in the future it will not only resemble a human being in appearance but will also have the capacity to think and feel.
7. ответьте на вопросы:
a) When did people learn the main principles of robot technology?
b) Did ancient Greeks and Romans know anything about robots?
c) When did engineers learn about most of the mechanical components of a robot?
d) Is today’s robot a simple structure?
e) Would you like to have a robot friend?
g) Will robots be capable to replace the human being in the future? Why? Why not?
8. Перепишите предложения, вставьте подходящие по смыслу предлоги. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
a) The robots consist … many components.
b) Some people believe that … 20 years robots will be capable to think and feel like the human being.
c) Many things changed … that time.
d) Modern robots are used … factories … performing a set … operations.
e) These devices were made … robots.
9. Перепишите утвердительные предложения, сделайте их отрицательными и вопросительными. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
a) It is difficult to predict what the robots of the future will look like.
b) A robot has a metal and plastic frame, and a variety of actuators provide muscle power.
c) We have learnt a lot of facts about of robot technology.
d) They performed a set of simple operations.